Calculation of Lattice Energy using the Born-Haber Cycle
The Born-Haber cycle is a method used to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound from experimentally determined or theoretically predicted quantities. The lattice energy of an ionic compound is the energy required to separate the compound into its gaseous ions. Born-Haber cycle involves several steps, including:
- Determining the enthalpy of formation of the compound from its elements. This can be done through calorimetry or other methods.
- Calculating the electron affinity of the negative ion. This is the energy required to add an electron to a neutral atom to form a negative ion.
- Calculating the ionization energy of the positive ion. This is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom to form a positive ion.
- Determining the enthalpy of sublimation of the positive ion. This is the energy required to vaporize the positive ion.
- Calculating the enthalpy of vaporization of the negative ion. This is the energy required to vaporize the negative ion.
Lattice energy can then be calculated using the following equation:
Lattice Energy = Enthalpy of Formation + Electronic Affinity + Ionization Energy â Enthalpy of Sublimation of Positive Ion â Enthalpy of Vaporization of Negative ion
The Born-Haber cycle allows for the prediction of lattice energies for ionic compounds that have not yet been synthesized, as well as the determination of lattice energies for known compounds.
Lattice Energy
Lattice Energy is the energy required to break apart an ionic compound into its gaseous ions. We can also define it as the energy released when the gaseous atoms combine to form a crystal lattice. The lattice energy of any compound cannot be directly measured and we use various methods or techniques to find the lattice energy such as the use of the Born Haber cycle to find the lattice energy of any compound. Lattice energy is measured in kJ/mol.
In this article, we will learn about Lattice energy, lattice enthalpy, their difference, and others in detail.
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