Layer 4 (L4) Load Balancer/Network Load Balancer
Layer-4 load balancers operate at the transport layer of the OSI model. They make forwarding decisions based on information available in network layer protocols (such as IP addresses and port numbers).
Key Features of Layer-4(L4) Load Balancer:
- Transport Layer: Operates at the transport layer (TCP/UDP).
- Basic Load Balancing: Distributes traffic based on IP addresses and port numbers.
- Efficiency: Faster processing as it doesn’t inspect the content of the data packets.
- Network Address Translation (NAT): Can perform basic NAT to hide server addresses.
Types of Load Balancer
Load Balancers distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure optimal resource utilization, minimize response time, and prevent server overload. When it comes to load balancing, three primary types exist: software load balancers, hardware load balancers, and virtual load balancers.
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