How to Create a Class with Private and Public Members in C++?
In C++, the classes are blueprints for creating objects with specific properties and methods that provide a feature of access specifiers to the user through which they can control the access of the data members present in a class. In this article, we will learn how to create a class with private and public members in C++.
Define Private and Public Members in a Class
In C++, class members can be declared as private
, public
, or protected
. By default, all members of a class are private
if no access specifier is specified.
- Private: Members declared as private can only be accessed within the class.
- Public: Members declared as public can be accessed from anywhere in the program.
Syntax to Define Private and Public Members in a Class
class ClassName {
private: // Private members
dataType member1;
dataType member2;
// ...
public: // Public members
dataType member3;
dataType member4;
// ...
};
Here,
ClassName
is the name of the class.private
:
andpublic:
are access specifiers.dataType
represents the type of the data member.member1
,member2
,member3
, andmember4
are the names of the data members.
C++ Program to Create a Class with Private and Public Members
The following example illustrates how we can create a class with private and public members in C++.
// C++ Program to illustrate how we can create a class with
// private and public members
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// Class with private and public members
class Class {
private:
// Private member variable
int privateMember;
// Private member function
void privateMethod()
{
cout << "This is a private method" << endl;
}
public:
// Public member variable
int publicMember;
// Constructor to initialize data members of the class
Class(int publicMember, int PrivateMember)
{
this->publicMember = publicMember;
this->privateMember = privateMember;
}
void publicMethod()
{
// Public member function
cout << "This is a public method" << endl;
// we can access private method within the public
// method
privateMethod();
}
};
int main()
{
// Creating an object of the class
Class obj(100, 200);
// Accessing public members
cout << "Public member is : " << obj.publicMember
<< endl;
// Accessing public method
obj.publicMethod();
// Accessing private members directly
// This would result to an error as we can't access
// private members outside the class
// cout << "Private member is : " << obj.privateMember
// <<endl;
return 0;
}
Output
Public member is : 100 This is a public method This is a private method
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
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