Root Locus using MATLAB
In control systems, root locus analysis is a graphical strategy for looking at how the foundations of a system change with variety of a specific system boundary, generally an addition inside a feedback system.
Purpose of root locus in control system are as follows:
- To find the stability
- To check a point is on root locus or not
- To find system gain i.e. “k” or system parameter
Construction rules of a root locus :
Rule 1: A point will exists on real axis, root locus branches if the sum of poles and zeros to the right hand side of the point must be odd.
Rule 2: Asymptotes: They are root locus branches which starts on real axis and approaches to infinity.
Number of asymptotes “N = P – Z”
Here “P” is number of poles and “Z” is number of zeros
Rule 3: Angle of Asymptotes
Rule 4: Centroid : Meeting point of asymptotes on real axis is called as centroid
Rule 5: Break Point (BP): There are two types
- Break Away Point (BAP)
- Break In Point (BIP)
Rule 6: Root locus intersection point (IP) with imaginary axis.
Rule 7:
a) Angle of departure: It is calculated for complex conjugated poles or imaginary poles
b) Angle of arrival: It is calculated for complex conjugate zeros or imaginary zeros
Code :
% Row of 1×2 NUM = [1 10]; % Row of 1×4 DEN = [1 6 8 0]; % Row of 1×2 poly1 = [1 2]; % Row of 1×2 poly2 = [1 4]; % convolves vectors poly1 and poly2, % multiplying the polynomials whose coefficients % are the elements of poly1 and poly2 poly = conv(poly1, poly2); % returns the roots of the polynomial % represented by DEN as a column vector roots(DEN); % Continuous time transfer function sys = tf(NUM, DEN); % GUI for per-forming Root Locus analysis rltool(sys); |
Output :
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