Types of Defects
The defects are of two types:
- Point Defects: Defects arising due to irregularities or deviations from the ideal arrangement of atoms around a point or an atom in a crystalline material are called point defects or atomic defects.
- Line Defects: The defects that roll out due to irregularities or deviations from the ideal arrangement in an entire row of lattice points are called Line defects.
These irregularities are called crystal defects or crystal imperfections.
Point Defects
Solids are made up of a lot of small crystals. However, the defect in solids occurs during the crystallization process due to the fast or moderate rate of crystal formation. Defects are described as irregularities in the arrangement of constituent particles in general. The defect could be a point or a line defect based on the irregular arrangement. A deviation point defect occurs in an ideal crystal when there are anomalies in the arrangement around any point or atom in the crystal. Similarly, a line defect occurs when there is a variation in the arrangement of the entire row of lattice points in crystals.
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