Trans Isomerism
Trans isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where two identical groups are positioned on the opposite side of a non-rotatable bond(such as double bond or ring structure) within a molecule. This arrangement creates symmetry structure, which affect the shape of molecules compound and properties from its cis molecule without changing it’s chemical formula.
Physical and Chemical properties: The physical and chemical properties of cis isomers can vary on the basis of their molecular structure and the nature of compounds and they are added in the table below,
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Geometry |
More linear or straight shape, due to less steric hindrance. |
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Symmetry |
More symmetrical shape(symmetrical). |
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Stability |
More stable due to less steric hindrance. |
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Melting Point |
Due to less intermolecular space the molecule is tightly packed so melting point of trans isomer higher than cis. |
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Boiling Point |
Boiling point of trans is lower because of absence of strong forces of attraction between the atoms of trans isomer |
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Polarity |
Trans isomers are mostly non-polar |
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Solubility |
Trans isomer tends to be non-polar than its cis isomer due to their linear shape and even distribution of electron. This makes trans isomer less soluble in polar solvent like water or alcohol. |
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Density |
Trans isomers are less denser than their cis isomers, because same group lie on opposite side of non-rotating bond, which results in linear and elongated structure, this increases spacing between groups decreases the molecule’s overall density. |
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Acid-base Properties |
Trans isomer is tends to be less acidic than cis isomer of same molecule due to slightly higher pKa value of trans isomer. |
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Difference Between Cis and Trans Isomers
Cis and Trans Isomerism is a type of geometric isomerism and can be found in both organic and inorganic compounds. Cis and trans isomers are stereoisomers that have the same chemical formula but are different in their structure. The words “cis” and “trans” originated from the Latin words “this side” and “the other side”, respectively which means in cis same group is on the same side, and in trans same group is on the other side.
In this article, we will learn about Cis and Trans Isomerism, their differences, and others in detail.
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