Solutions of Class-11 Polity Chapter-3: Election and Representation

Here are the results of the Tamil Nadu Assembly Election held in 1996. (Page – 62)

• What would be the composition of the Assembly if it was a PR system like in Israel?
• Which party would have a majority?
• Who would form the government?
• What would be the effect of this system on the relationship of political parties?

Answer:

In Israel, the 120 seat Knesset is elected using a PR system. Each party that crosses a threshold always wins the seat in proportion.

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)

It refers the general principle which can be found in any electoral system.

The proportion of Muslims in the population of India is about 13.5 per cent. But the number of Muslim MPs in the Lok Sabha has usually been less than 6 per cent, less than half of their share in population. A similar situation prevails in most State Assemblies. Three students drew different conclusions from this fact. Write down whether and why you agree or disagree with each of them. (Page – 66)

Hilal: This demonstrates the unfairness of the FPTP system. We should have opted for PR system.

Arif: This shows the wisdom of granting reservations to SC and ST. What is needed is a reservation of seats for Muslims on the same lines as for SC and ST.

Saba: There is no point in talking about Muslims as a whole. Muslim women are not going to get any share in any of these systems. We need a separate quota for Muslim women.

Answer:

Here, each perspective has a valuable insight as they all are complex issues. In the PR systems, the gender quota and reservations have their own merits. As Hilal said the FPTP system tends to favor a large number of systems in favor of large parties. Arif said that the reservation has been effective in ensuring the representation. At last, Saba said that Muslim women face multiple layers of discrimination based on both religion and gender.

Why do you think does the Election Commission have the following powers and privileges? What could have happened if these did not exist? (Page – 72)

The Commission can issue orders to government employees engaged in any election related duty.

The government cannot remove the Chief Election Commissioner.

The Commission can cancel an election if it thinks that it was not fair.

Answer:

The Election Commission of India has major powers and privileges to ensure fairness and integrity to conduct smooth processes in election times. The Commission can issue orders to government employees engaged in any election-related duty. The government employees a major role in conducting elections and voter registration through polling station management. The chief election commissioner is the head of the Election Commission who ensures the integrity of the election process. The cancellation of an election may cause election malpractice with voter intimidation and tampering with the votes. 

NCERT Solutions Class-11 Polity Chapter-3 Election and Representation– This article includes the free NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Polity Chapter 3 Election and Representation. It will help the students of Class 11 to learn the solutions and ace their exams. It has been developed by the subject matter experts at GFG, according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, and guidelines. It helps the students of Class 11 create a solid conceptual base for Polity Chapter 3 Election and Representation.

The solutions to all the exercises in Class 11 Polity Chapter 3 Election and Representation of your NCERT textbook have been collectively covered in NCERT Solution for Class 11 (2024-2025).