Pollution of River Ganga

Pollution of the water supply has become a global issue. Because of the uncontrolled and uneven development of linked sectors like industries and agriculture, the perennial threat of a water crisis is intensifying. According to NITI Aayog studies, 21 major Indian cities, including Delhi, may run out of groundwater totally. Now, we’re going to discuss the reasons behind the pollution of the river Ganga and it examines the effective measures taken by the government.

Reasons behind the Pollution of Ganga:

1. Industries: In Uttarakhand, there are 4600 industries, 298 of which are significantly polluting. Many enterprises have started operations despite not having obtained authorization from the Uttarakhand pollution control board, and they did so based on a government recommendation that exempted certain groups of industries from obtaining approval. Despite the government’s tight laws, sewage treatment and advanced waste treatment technology are not used.
2. Sewage: Sewage is a significant source of pollution, accounting for 75 % of all pollution. Various types of urban growth lead to sewage contamination in the river. The Ganga Action Plan’s tremendous efforts have failed to ameliorate the situation. According to the research, despite the failure of the Ganga Action Plan, citizens and their representatives living in urban areas along the river’s banks have expressed no opposition. The failure is attributable to the government entities in charge of the plan’s effective implementation. The river’s cleanliness appears to be unimportant to the city dwellers who live around it.
3. Municipal Corporation: The widespread usage of plastic and its inappropriate disposal eventually end up in the river. One of the major causes of pollution in the river has been identified as plastic contamination. To combat the threat of plastic pollution, the government has failed to enact Management and Sewage Waste Rules. Plastic should be outlawed entirely by the government. The authorities are unconcerned about the widespread usage of plastics and the inappropriate management of rubbish before dumping it into the river. Because of plastic waste, water contamination has increased dramatically.
4. Agriculture Waste: Sediments, fertilizers, and animal wastes all contribute to agricultural water contamination. Water pollution has been greatly exacerbated by the unbalanced use of inorganic and other fertilizers. After reaching various other entities, nitrate-rich fertilizers produce hazardous makeup. When large amounts of fertilizers are washed into the river by irrigation, rain, or drainage, the river becomes polluted. To increase the productivity of the land, nitrate-rich fertilizers are utilised.

Water is one of the most important natural resources on the planet, and it has existed for millennia. In reality, the same water we drink has been around in some form or another since the dinosaur era. More than two-thirds of the earth’s surface is covered with water. This equates to1 octillion litres (1,260,000,000,000,000,000,000 litres) of water dispersed over the oceans, rivers, lakes, and streams. Although this is a large amount of water, only about 0.3 % of it is suitable for human consumption. That number has decreased as commercialization and industrialization have developed. Furthermore, water contamination has been caused by inefficient and obsolete techniques, a lack of understanding, and a variety of other factors.