Osmotic Pressure (π)
Osmotic Pressure is the colligative property of the solution and is defined as the difference needed to stop the flow of solvent across the semipermeable membrane.
We can also define the Osmotic Pressure as the minimum pressure that needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane. It is also defined as the measure of the tendency of a solution to take in a pure solvent by osmosis.
Osmotic Pressure is calculated by the formula,
π = CRT
Where,
- C is Concentration (or) Molarity
- R is Universal Gas Constant
- T is temperature
Types of Solutions
Different Types of the solution are,
- Isotonic Solution
- Hypotonic Solution
- Hypertonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
Isotonic Solutions are the solutions that have same osmotic pressure at any given temperature. No osmosis happens in case of Isotonic Solution.
Hypotonic Solution
If a solution have lower osmotic pressure then the surrounding then it is called Hypotonic Solution.
Hypertonic Solution
If a solution have higher osmotic pressure then the surrounding then it is called Hypertonic Solution.
Colligative Properties
Colligative Properties of any solution is the property of the solution that depends on the ratio of the total number of solute particles and the total number of solvent particles. Changing the moles or number of particles of solute or solvent changes the colligative properties of the solution. These colligative properties are not dependent on the chemical nature of the solute or solvent but are rather dependent on the number of solutes and solvent particles in the solution. These colligative properties depend on the number of particles in the solution rather than the nature of the solute and the solvent. These properties can be easily linked with the concentration of the solution, i.e. Molarity, Normality, and Molality.
In this article, we will learn about, various types of Colligative properties of the solution, their examples, and others in detail.
Table of Content
- What are Colligative Properties?
- Colligative Properties Examples
- Types of Colligative Properties
- Lowering Of Vapour Pressure
- Elevation in Boiling Point (ΔTb)
- Depression in Freezing Point (ΔTf)
- Osmotic Pressure (π)
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