Normality Equations
- The normality equation, which can be used to estimate the volume of a solution needed to make a solution of different normality, is as follows,
Initial Normality (N1) × Initial Volume (V1) = Final Normality (N2) × Final Volume (V2)
- If four distinct solutions with the same normality and volume are combined, the resultant normality is;
NR = (NaVa + NbVb + NcVc + NdVd) / (Va+Vb+Vc+Vd)
- When four solutions (na, nb, nc, nd) with varied solute molarity, volume, and H+ ions are mixed, the resultant normality is given by,
NR = (naMaVa + nbMbVb + ncMcVc + ndMdVd) / (Va+Vb+Vc+Vd)
Normality – Definition, Formula, Equations and Solved Examples
The normality formula is used to measure the concentration of a solution like molarity and molality. Normality is a measure of the number of grams equivalent to solute present given volume of the solution. Redox reactions, precipitation reactions, and acid-base chemical reactions all often make use of normality. It depends on the temperature and the chemical reaction being observed.
The term “equivalent concentration” describes how reactive a solution is. This is frequently used in redox reactions and acid-base reactions. In physical chemistry, one of the important terms used is the normality formula.
Contact Us