Intermediate Django Interview Questions & Answers

Q 20. What does the settings.py file do?

settings.py is a core file in Django projects. It holds all the configuration values that your web app needs to work; database settings, logging configuration, where to find static files, API keys if you work with external APIs, and a bunch of other stuff.

Q 21. Difference between MVC and MVT design patterns?

• Model and View are both driven by the controller in MVC, whereas Views in MVT are used to receive HTTP requests and return HTTP responses.
• We must write all of the control-specific code in MVC whereas, We must write all of the control-specific code in MVC.
• MVC is Highly coupled whereas, MVT is loosely coupled.
• In MVC, it is difficult to modify whereas, Modification is easy in MVT.
• MVC is suitable for large applications, but MVT is suitable for both small and large applications.
• MVC does not involve any URL mapping, whereas in MVT URL pattern mapping takes place.
• Flow is clear and easy to understand, whereas MVT is sometimes harder to understand.

Q 22. What is Django ORM?

ORM which is also known as the object relation model enables us to interact with our database. It allows us to add, delete, change, and query objects (Object Relational Mapper). Django uses a database abstraction API called ORM to interface Viewed with its database models, to use Django object relation Models, we must first have a project and an app running. Models can be created in app/models.py after an app has been started. The Django ORM may be accessed by running the following command in our project directory.

python manage.py shell

This opens a Python console where we may add objects, retrieve objects, modify existing items, and delete objects. 

Q 23. What is Superuser?

superuser is the most powerful user with permission to create, read, delete, and update on the admin page which includes model records and another user. Users of Django have access to an Admin Panel. Before using this feature, you must have to migrate your project; otherwise, the superuser database will not be created. To create a superuser,  first, reach the same directory, and run the following command

python manage.py createsuperuser

Q 24. What is Jinja templating?

Jinja is also known as jinja2, which is the most recent version. It’s a template engine that allows you to make HTML, XML, and other markup types. Jinja2 is valuable since it features a templating tag syntax and because the project has been extracted as a standalone open-source project that may be utilized as a dependency by other code libraries. Some of its features are:

• HTML Escaping – It provides automatic HTML Escaping as <, >, & characters have special values in templates and if using a regular text, these symbols can lead to XSS Attacks which Jinja deals with automatically.
• Sandbox Execution – This is a framework for automating the testing process in a sandbox (or protected) environment.
• Template Inheritance
• Produces HTML templates far more quickly than the default engine.
• When compared to the default engine, it is easier to debug.

Q 25. What do you mean by the csrf_token?

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is one of the most serious vulnerabilities, and it can be used to do everything from changing a user’s information without their knowledge to obtaining full control of their account. To prevent malicious attacks, Django provides a per cent token per cent tag {% csrf_token %} that is implemented within the form. When generating the page on the server, it generates a token and ensures that any requests coming back in are cross-checked against this token. The token is not included in the inbound requests, thus they are not executed.

Q 26. Explain the use of Middlewares in Django.

Middleware is a lightweight plugin in Django that is used to keep the application secure during request and response processing. The application’s middleware is utilized to complete a task. Security, session, CSRF protection, and authentication are responsible for doing some specific functions. The application’s security is maintained by the usage of the middleware component, AuthenticationMiddleware which is associated with user requests using sessions.

Q 27. What are ‘signals’?

Signals are used to take action in response to the modification or creation of a database entry. Its utilities help us to connect events with their action. we can create methods that will run a signal when it is called. For example, as soon as a new user instance is generated in the Database, one might want to create a profile instance. Generally, There are 3 types of signals.

1. pre_delete/post_delete: This signal is thrown before the remove() method is used to delete a model’s instance.
2. pre_init/post_init: This signal is thrown before/after instantiating a model (__init__() method)
3. pre_save/post_save: This signal works before/after the method save().

Q 28. What is Media Root?

Media root is used to upload user-generated content. We can serve user-uploaded media files locally, using the MEDIA_ROOT and MEDIA_URL settings. User-upload these files are referred to as Media or Media Files in Django. The first step is to include the code below in the settings.py file.

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘media’)
MEDIA_URL = ‘/media/’

MEDIA_ROOT: It is for the server path to store files in the computer.
MEDIA_URL: It is the referring URL for the browser to access the files over HTTP.

Q 29. How you can include and inherit files in your application?

Using the extends tag in Templates, we can inherit our files in Django, The extends tag is used to inherit these templates. The syntax for inheriting these templates is given as:

{% extends 'template_name.html' %} 

This syntax helps us to add all the elements of an HTML file into another without copy-pasting the entire code. Django templates not only allow us to pass variables from view to template, but they also provide some programming capabilities like loops, comments, and extensions.

Q 30. How do you connect your Django Project to the database?

We need to configure our database in the settings.py file. By default, SQLite is mentioned there, and we need to change this setting accordingly like Postgres, MongoDB, and MySql.

Django is one of the high-level Python-based free and open-source web frameworks and was created in 2003. It follows the model-view-template (MVT) architectural pattern. Nowadays, It is one of the most demanding skills. It has been managed by Django Software Foundation (DSF), a Non-benefit Organization based in the United States. If you are a beginner or even a professional who wanted to become a Django Developer and wants to prepare yourself for the upcoming interview – here, w3wiki provides the top Django Interview Questions and Answers that definitely help you to crack your interview.

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