Cis Isomerism
Cis isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where two identical groups are positioned on the same side of a non-rotatable bond(such as a double bond or ring structure) within a molecule. This arrangement creates an asymmetry structure, which affects the shape of molecules’ compounds and properties without changing their chemical formula.
Physical and Chemical properties: he physical and chemical properties of cis isomers can vary based on their molecular structure and the nature of compounds and they are added in the table below,
Geometry |
A bent or curved shape, due to more steric hindrance |
Symmetry |
Less symmetrical shape(Asymmetrical) |
Stability |
Less stable due to steric hindrance |
Melting Point |
Due to more intermolecular space the molecule is loosely packed so melting point of cis isomer lower than trans |
Boiling Point |
Boiling point of cis is higher because of presence of strong forces of attraction between the atoms of cis isomer |
Polarity |
Cis isomers are mostly polar |
Solubility |
Cis isomer tends to be more polar than its trans isomer due to their bent shape and uneven electron distribution. This makes cis isomer more soluble in polar solvent like water or alcohol, As “like dissolves like”. |
Density |
Cis isomers are denser than their trans isomers, because same group lie on same side of non rotating bond, which results in bent and compact structure, this high’s mass per unit volume which means higher density |
Acid-base Properties |
Cis isomer is tends to be more acidic than trans isomer of same molecule due to slightly lower pKa value of cis isomer. |
Difference Between Cis and Trans Isomers
Cis and Trans Isomerism is a type of geometric isomerism and can be found in both organic and inorganic compounds. Cis and trans isomers are stereoisomers that have the same chemical formula but are different in their structure. The words “cis” and “trans” originated from the Latin words “this side” and “the other side”, respectively which means in cis same group is on the same side, and in trans same group is on the other side.
In this article, we will learn about Cis and Trans Isomerism, their differences, and others in detail.
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