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C++11 released in 2011, comes with notable features such as Lambda expressions, the auto keyword, range-based for loops, nullptr, and smart pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr). With the introduction of the thread library, C++11 also enhanced multithreading capabilities.

Key features of the C++11 standard are:

  • Lambda Expressions: These are Anonymous functions that can be used inline. We use Lambda Expressions when we need to write a few lines of code that won’t be used again.
  • Auto Keyword: Automatic type inference deduces the data type of an expression automatically which can improve readability.
  • Multithreading: The introduction of the thread library for concurrent and parallel programming so that the CPU can be utilized efficiently.
  • Range-Based For Loops: Simplified iteration over elements of a container or sequence.
  • Smart Pointers: Smart pointers include Unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr which automatically deallocates the memory allocated in the heap so that it can be reused. It provides safer and more efficient memory management.
  • Hashing Data Structure: We can store data in the form of key and value pair in the Hash Table.
  • Move Semantics: Move semantics is a feature in C++11 that enhances the efficiency of transferring resources between objects.

C++ Standards and Implementations

C++ programming language is widely used and known for its power, versatility, and performance. C++ is an extension of the C programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. With time several C++ standards have been introduced with new features and enhancements. In this article, we will explore the major C++ standards, along with their key features to understand the evolution of C++ and the benefits provided to programmers or developers.

Nowadays C++ is popular for competitive programming because of its performance but it is also used for building robust applications which we are using in our daily life. A few of them are given below:

  • Operating Systems
  • Games
  • Embedded Systems
  • Compilers
  • Web Browsers

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What are C++ Standards and why do we need them?

C++ standards are maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the C++ committee. They define the rules and features such as syntax and behavior of the C++ programming language. Each standard, such as C++98, C++11, C++17, and so on, introduces new language features, libraries, and improvements while maintaining backward compatibility with previous versions....

Major C++ Standards Released

C++98 C++11 C++14 C++17 C++20...

C++98

C++98 is the first and original version of C++ programming language released in 1998 which is also known as C++03. This is very similar to C language with added features....

C++11

C++11 released in 2011, comes with notable features such as Lambda expressions, the auto keyword, range-based for loops, nullptr, and smart pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr). With the introduction of the thread library, C++11 also enhanced multithreading capabilities....

C++14

C++14 was released in 2014. The motive for releasing C++14 was to make the improvement that was left or not done in C++11 to make it a cleaner and faster language....

C++17

C++17 is released in 2017 with additional features which are not present in C++14 and also with improved features of C++14 which is constexpr. Key features of the C++17 standard are as follows:...

C++20

C++20 was released in 2020 with new features that enhance the performance of the code in terms of compilation time, reusability, and concurrency....

C++23

C++23 is the next version of C++ which is going to release in December 2023. In this standard, some of the features of C++ are eliminated with the introduction of new features....

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#C++ 11 #C++ 14 #C++ 17 #C++ 20 #C++ 23 #C++ #CPP

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