How to write Multi-Line Strings in PHP ?
Multi-Line Strings can be written in PHP using the following ways.
-
Using escape sequences: We can use the \n escape sequences to declare multiple lines in a string.
PHP Code:
PHP
<?php
//declaring multiple lines using the new line escape sequence
$var
=
"Beginner\nFor\nBeginner"
;
echo
$var
;
?>
Output:
Beginner For Beginner
-
Using concatenation assignment operator: We can use the concatenation assignment operator .= to concatenate two strings and the PHP_EOL to mark the end of the line.
PHP Code:
PHP
<?php
$s1
=
"Beginner"
. PHP_EOL;
//PHP_EOL marks end of line so that
$s2
=
"For"
. PHP_EOL;
//next string get concatenated as new line
$s3
=
"Beginner"
;
$s1
.=
$s2
.=
$s3
;
//concatenating the string into $s1
echo
$s1
;
//printing final concatenated string
?>
Output:
Beginner For Beginner
-
Using Heredoc and Nowdoc Syntax: We can use the PHP Heredoc or the PHP Nowdoc syntax to write multiple-line string variables directly. The difference between heredoc and nowdoc is that heredoc uses double-quoted strings. Parsing is done inside a heredoc for escape sequences, etc whereas a nowdoc uses single-quoted strings, and hence parsing is not performed.
Note: The delimiter in the heredoc and nowdoc syntaxes must always be at the beginning of a line without any spaces, characters, etc.
PHP Code:
PHP
<?php
// code
//Heredoc variable
$s1
=<<<EOD
Beginner
\tFor
Beginner
EOD;
echo
$s1
;
echo
"\n"
;
//Nowdoc variable
$s2
=<<<
'EOT'
Beginner
\tFor
Beginner
EOT;
echo
$s2
?>
Output:
Beginner For Beginner Beginner \tFor Beginner
References: https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php#language.types.string.syntax.nowdoc, https://www.w3wiki.net/php-strings/
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