Find XOR of all elements in an Array
Given an array arr[] containing integers of size N, the task is to find the XOR of this array.
Examples:
Input: arr[] = {2, 4, 7}
Output: 1
Explanation:
XOR of the array = 2 ^ 4 ^ 7 = 1
Input: arr[] = { 3, 9, 12, 13, 15 }
Output: 4
Approach: In order to find the XOR of all elements in the array, we simply iterate through the array and find the XOR using ‘^’ operator. Therefore, the following steps are followed to compute the answer:
- Create a variable to store the XOR of the array as a result.
- For each element in the array, find the XOR of the element and the result variable using ‘^’ operator.
- Finally, the result variable stores the XOR of all elements in the array.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
CPP
// C++ program to find the XOR of // all elements in the array #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; // Function to find the XOR of // all elements in the array int xorOfArray( int arr[], int n) { // Resultant variable int xor_arr = 0; // Iterating through every element in // the array for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i]; } // Return the XOR return xor_arr; } // Driver Code int main() { int arr[] = { 3, 9, 12, 13, 15 }; int n = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]); // Function call cout << xorOfArray(arr, n) << endl; return 0; } |
C
// C program to find the XOR of // all elements in the array #include <stdio.h> // Function to find the XOR of // all elements in the array int xorOfArray( int arr[], int n) { // Resultant variable int xor_arr = 0; // Iterating through every element in // the array for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i]; } // Return the XOR return xor_arr; } // Driver Code int main() { int arr[] = { 3, 9, 12, 13, 15 }; int n = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]); // Function Call printf ( "%d\n" , xorOfArray(arr, n)); return 0; } // This code is contributed by phalashi. |
Java
// Java program to find the XOR of // all elements in the array import java.util.*; import java.io.*; class GFG { // Function to find the XOR of // all elements in the array static int xorOfArray( int arr[], int n) { // Resultant variable int xor_arr = 0 ; // Iterating through every element in // the array for ( int i = 0 ; i < n; i++) { // Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i]; } // Return the XOR return xor_arr; } // Driver Code public static void main (String[] args) { int arr[] = { 3 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 15 }; int n = arr.length; // Function call System.out.println(xorOfArray(arr, n)); } } // This code is contributed by Yash_R |
Python3
# Python3 program to find the XOR of # all elements in the array # Function to find the XOR of # all elements in the array def xorOfArray(arr, n): # Resultant variable xor_arr = 0 # Iterating through every element in # the array for i in range (n): # Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i] # Return the XOR return xor_arr # Driver Code if __name__ = = '__main__' : arr = [ 3 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 15 ] n = len (arr) # Function call print (xorOfArray(arr, n)) # This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29 |
C#
// C# program to find the XOR of // all elements in the array using System; class GFG { // Function to find the XOR of // all elements in the array static int xorOfArray( int []arr, int n) { // Resultant variable int xor_arr = 0; // Iterating through every element in // the array for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i]; } // Return the XOR return xor_arr; } // Driver Code public static void Main ( string [] args) { int []arr = { 3, 9, 12, 13, 15 }; int n = arr.Length; // Function call Console.WriteLine(xorOfArray(arr, n)); } } // This code is contributed by AnkitRai01 |
Javascript
<script> // JavaScript program to find the XOR of // all elements in the array // Function to find the XOR of // all elements in the array function xorOfArray(arr, n) { // Resultant variable let xor_arr = 0; // Iterating through every element in // the array for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) { // Find XOR with the result xor_arr = xor_arr ^ arr[i]; } // Return the XOR return xor_arr; } // Driver Code let arr = [ 3, 9, 12, 13, 15 ]; let n = arr.length; // Function call document.write(xorOfArray(arr, n) + "<br>" ); // This code is contributed by Surbhi Tyagi. </script> |
Output
4
Time Complexity: O(N), where N is the size of the array.
Auxiliary Space: O(1), no extra space is required, so it is a constant.
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